Abstract
This was a prospective study using CNVC to examine the prevalence of capillaroscopic patterns in a cohort of type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetic individuals, and to assess their relationship with the level of glycemic control (HbA1c) and DM-related complications. Nailfold alterations were found to be more prevalent in diabetics, including tortuosity (p<0.01), avascular zones (p<0.01), ectasiae (p<0.01) and capillary with bizarre shape (p<0.01). At least two of these patterns were found with a higher prevalence in T1D and T2D individuals vs. controls (p<0.01). Finally, a higher frequency of 'capillary score' equal to or higher than 2 points was found to be associated with worse glycemic control, and with the presence of diabetic retinopathy. These results confirm the presence of a 'diabetic capillaropathy', and nailfold capillary alterations appear to be related to the level of glycemic control and the existence of MIC, particularly when retinal damage is involved.
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