Abstract
A method of mathematically processing the digital images of targets is developed. The theoretical and mathematical justification and the experimental validation of the possibility of estimating the amount of gunshot residue (GSR) and determining the GSR distribution over the target on the basis of its digital image is provided. The analysis of the optical density in selected concentric rings in the images reveals the radial dependence of soot distribution in the cross section of a gas–gunpowder jet. The analysis of the optical density in selected sectors of the circle reveals the angular dependence of the soot distribution in the gas–gunpowder jet cross section. It is shown that the integral optical density averaged over a selected area in the target image characterizes the mass of GSP deposited on it. It is possible to quantify the differences in the radial and angular distributions of the thickness of the GSR layer on various targets obtained both with the help of weapons of different types at the same distances and with the help of weapons of the same type at different distances, by calculating the distribution of optical density on their digital images.
Highlights
Published: 21 December 2021The forensic investigation of the circumstances of an incident makes it possible to reconstruct the overall picture of the incident
The calculations based on the digital image for determining the gunshot residues (GSR) amount in accordance with Equation (10) are performed in the following procedure: The value of I0 is calculated as the mean value of brightness on the selected image area not covered by GSR
Experimental objects were prepared for the forensic ballistic examination of gunshot marks, namely targets measuring 300 × 300 mm made of light-colored fabric of various densities
Summary
Published: 21 December 2021The forensic investigation of the circumstances of an incident makes it possible to reconstruct the overall picture of the incident. The tasks of detecting residues of a close shot on objects, as well as establishing the distance of the shot by expert examination, continue to be relevant. Forensic practice today does not have a sufficient set of mobile technical and forensic tools and methods to identify gunshot residues (GSR). On objects, and expert examination of GSR in most cases is carried out with complex and expensive equipment through the use of destructive methods of investigation. It is necessary to integrate innovative means and methods of expert examination into the process of analysis and assessment of GSR, including those obtained by theoretical and mathematical substantiation. The most important parameters are the minimum diameter and the density distribution in the plane of the so-called caustics [2]. In order to detect and measure the particle density distribution
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