Computer model of the absorption and distribution of colostral immunoglobulins in the newborn calf

Abstract

The transfer of immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes (IgG1, IgG2, IgM), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and added D-xylose from colostrum to serum was investigated in newborn Holstein bull calves. Significant differences were observed in the time courses of the serum concentrations of these colostrum constituents following absorption from pooled colostrum. A computer model was devised to simulate the process of absorption of Ig isotypes, gamma-GT and D-xylose from colostrum in the newborn calf. A Fortran program was used to generate plots of the time course of the concentration of colostrum constituents in serum and other body fluids following a single feed of colostrum. These plots show how the changes in serum concentration of absorbed Ig isotypes, gamma-GT and D-xylose are affected by different rates of intestinal absorption, redistribution in body fluids and removal from plasma. A critical examination of data from the computer model and from the calf feeding experiments supports the view that the absorption of IgG1, IgG2 and IgM is not selective in the calf. The data were compared with earlier studies of the efficiency of the colostral transfer of Ig to the calf. In the present study the transfer efficiencies of IgG1, IgG2, IgM, gamma-GT and D-xylose were 46 per cent, 49 per cent, 47 per cent, 18 per cent and 21 per cent, respectively.