Abstract
The Chemical Migration and Risk Assessment (CMRA) methodology consists of state-of-the-art overland and surface water models and a statistical program that analyzes the simulation results. These computer models simulate the transport and fate of both dissolved and sediment-sorbed contaminants and provide the risk assessment by predicting acute and chronic impacts to aquatic biota. The CMRA methodology was applied to the Yazoo River Basin, Mississippi, and the Wolf Creek Basin, Iowa, to assess the impact on fish of the pesticides, toxaphene and Alachlor, applied to farmland in those areas. Study results indicated that toxaphene caused both lethal and sublethal damage to four species of fish studied in the Yazoo River Basin, while Alachlor did not have a measureable impact in Wolf Creek Basin. These studies demonstrated the usefulness of this methodology as both a decision-making and research tool. Partially because of the results of the Yazoo River Basin Study, the United States banned the use of toxaphene in this country.
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