Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and clinical success rate, complications, and patients’ quality of life after computer-aided rehabilitation supported by zygomatic implants in cases of severe maxillary atrophy (ten patients) and in bone defects in oncologic patients (ten patients). All patients underwent computer-aided planning and surgery. Seventy-three zygomatic implants were placed. The mean follow-up period was 39.9 months. Implant survival and clinical success rate, the effectiveness of planning the implant length, biological and prosthetic complications, and the quality of life were evaluated. The five-year implant survival rate for patients with maxillary atrophy and oncologic patients was 97.4% and 96.7%, respectively. The prosthetic survival rate was 100%. Two implant failures occurred in the first year. One implant failure was observed in each group. Minor biological and prosthetic complications occurred in both groups without significant differences. All complications were managed without affecting the treatment. The quality of life increased by 71.3% in the atrophic group and by 82.9% in the oncologic group. Zygomatic implant rehabilitation seems to be a reliable technique for patients with maxillary atrophy and for oncologic patients. The three-dimensional computer-aided approach allows the surgeon to plan the surgery and increase its predictability. Early prosthesis loading certainly allows for better functional outcomes.
Highlights
Zygomatic implant-supported rehabilitation constitutes a reliable alternative to reconstructive procedures for the restoration of atrophic edentulous maxillae as well as for maxillectomy defects [1,2,3,4,5]
Rehabilitation with zygomatic implants in severely atrophic maxillae has been proposed as an alternative to reconstructive procedures
The results showed an overall five-year implant survival rate of 97.1% and a prosthetic survival rate of 100%
Summary
Zygomatic implant-supported rehabilitation constitutes a reliable alternative to reconstructive procedures for the restoration of atrophic edentulous maxillae as well as for maxillectomy defects [1,2,3,4,5]. Reconstructive procedures require prolonged treatment and healing time. Despite the widespread use of biomaterials, the treatment of severely atrophic maxillae can often require harvesting from intraoral or extraoral donor sites [7] with increased patient morbidity and additional financial burden [8]. Rehabilitation with zygomatic implants in severely atrophic maxillae has been proposed as an alternative to reconstructive procedures. The treatment involves the positioning of two zygomatic implants in the posterior area of the maxilla and two to four standard dental implants in the anterior maxilla or four zygomatic implants for supporting a full-arch prosthesis [9,10]. Many studies where zygomatic implants were inserted alone or in combination with conventional implants in severely atrophic maxillae have reported high survival rates comparable to conventional implants [11,12,13,14]
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