Computed tomography - indications and the course of the examination

Abstract

AdmissionComputed tomography, abbreviated CT or CK (computed tomography) is an imaging diagnostic method that uses the action of X-rays. The test allows you to obtain sections of the examined organs, as well as their 3D visualization, which greatly improves the diagnostic process. A tomograph is used to perform a CT scan, and the image obtained with it is called a tomogram. Computed tomography was first performed for diagnostic purposes in the early 1970s in the United States.The computer tomograph consists of three basic elements: the table, the operator's console and the scanner. During the examination, the scanner performs rotations around the patient's body, making a series of x-rays. Then the obtained image is transferred to a computer equipped with specialized software. The image is visible in 2D or 3D technology.AimThe aim of the study is to analyze the indications and the course of computed tomography examination. Material and methodReview of the available literature on the subject.ResultsComputed tomography is always performed based on a medical referral. It is the specialist who determines whether computed tomography will be more suitable than other imaging tests. Usually, computed tomography of the head and sinuses, chest and abdominal cavity are performed. The most common indications for head tomography are recurring headaches and dizziness, previous craniocerebral and sinus injuries, cerebral ischemia and strokes, as well as suspected neoplastic changes in the head. CT is also performed on people who struggle with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. We can receive a referral for this examination froma neurologistan oncologist ophthalmologist, whether ENT specialist. Chest tomography shows the structure of the heart, coronary vessels and the entire respiratory system. Usually it is recommended in the diagnosis of cancers of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and in the assessment of the stage of coronary artery disease. He can refer us to this research cardiologist, pulmonologist or internal medicine doctor. Abdominal tomography is performed in order to detect possible inflammations (pancreas, large intestine, appendix, kidneys), gastrointestinal obstruction or bleeding, as well as kidney stones or thrombosis of the liver veins. In this case, a referral can be obtained from a gastroenterologist, urologist, whether gynecologist.ConclusionsComputed tomography examination is completely painless and completely non-invasive for patients. It does not last long and allows you to quickly detect changes taking place inside the body. If the test was performed with a contrast agent, the patient may or may not experience some side effects, such as dizziness, a metallic taste in the mouth, nausea and vomiting, and palpitations.