Abstract
Investigation has been made in the total evacuation of high profile infrastructures like airport terminal, super-highrise building, racecourse and tunnels. With the recent advancement of computer technologies, a number of evacuation modelling techniques has been developed to visualize the evacuation pattern and optimize the evacuation provisions. Computer simulations enable the integration of individual human factors like age, gender, percentage of crowd, mobility impairment, walking speed and patience level into evacuation model. Other behavioural factors like shortest distance, quickest time, adjacent movement and personal space can also be computed. The simulation results can be more realistic and reliable then the traditional hand calculations or code compliance design which cannot consider the actual performance and human factors. The simulation results can be used to characterize the efficiency of total evacuation and to maximize the life safety protection, which is a major concern by general public and authorities for high-profile infrastructures.
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