Abstract
The cooling of electronic elements is one of the most important problems in the development of architecture in electronic technology. One promising developing cooling method is heat sinks based on the phase change materials (PCMs) enhanced by nano-sized solid particles. In this paper, the influence of the PCM’s physical properties and the concentration of nanoparticles on heat and mass transfer inside a closed radiator with fins, in the presence of a source of constant volumetric heat generation, is analyzed. The conjugate problem of nano-enhanced phase change materials (NePCMs) melting is considered, taking into account natural convection in the melt under the impact of the external convective cooling. A two-dimensional problem is formulated in the non-primitive variables, such as stream function and vorticity. A single-phase nano-liquid model is employed to describe the transport within NePCMs.
Highlights
The advent of electronic technologies with increased power and expanding their scope is ongoing on continuously and a large role in the development of technology in recent decades has been played by heat removal systems
Metal radiators are filled with phase change materials (PCMs), which allows for the extension of the operating time of the device
When the melting point is reached, a large amount of energy is spent on melting at a constant temperature, which allows the use of such materials for both thermal control and thermal energy storage systems [1,2,3,4]
Summary
The advent of electronic technologies with increased power and expanding their scope is ongoing on continuously and a large role in the development of technology in recent decades has been played by heat removal systems. There are many numerical and experimental studies on the performance of heat sinks based on nano-enhanced phase change materials (NePCMs). In some of these studies, a positive effect of nanoparticles on heat transfer is noted, and, in others, there is a decrease in heat sink performance at high concentrations of nanoparticles. The melting temperature of the material is one of the determining factors in the heat transfer regimes for the system This is evidenced by the studies devoted to the analysis of the influence of the PCM melting point on the efficiency of using heat sink [22,23]. The energy equations for an NePCM, taking into account the phase boundary, are written separately for solid and liquid phases [18]:
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