Abstract
Computational structural acoustics is the use of exact large-scale computations and computer graphics to study the behavior of elastic waves in structures. This approach is applied here to the scattering of sound by spherical shells in water. It is shown that rotational waves, found earlier in solid spheres and cylinders [Hickling etal., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 971–979 (1991)], continue to occur even for shells that are quite thin. In particular, when a thin shell in water is excited by incident sound, small rotational waves occur, similar to roller bearings, whose center of rotation and surrounding rotational displacement are inside the boundaries of the shell structure. Such waves occur when the boundary conditions require a rapid change in direction of the displacement. It is also shown that fluid loading has a major effect on a thin shell, in contrast to the effect that it has on a solid body. The damping induced by the loading combined with the dense congregation of the fundamentals of the free modes of vibration make it hard to excite any particular mode. Computational structural acoustics is also used to examine the limits of thin-shell theory. For example, elementary thin-shell theory appears to be valid for ka less than 50, for aluminum and stainless steel shells with b/a=0.99.
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