Abstract
The bridge between classical continuum plasticity and crystal plasticity is becoming narrower with continuously improved computational power and with engineers’ desire to obtain more information and better accuracy from their simulations, incorporating at the same time more effects about the microstructure of the material. This paper presents a short overview of the main current techniques employed in crystal plasticity formulations for finite element analysis, as to serve as a point of departure for researchers willing to incorporate microstructure effects in elastoplastic simulations. We include both classical and novel crystal plasticity formulations, as well as the different approaches to model dislocations in crystals.
Highlights
Analysis of the plastic deformations of metals is very important in many aspects of the design of metallic goods, for example, in the design of the alloys which will be used in the components, in their manufacturing process, and in the behaviour of the material in service, both to sustain the ordinary actions and to behave in a controlled, predictable way [1,2].Plastic slip is the most common plastic deformation mechanism in crystalline solids, e.g., most of the metals
Ue are path-independent stretches that may be used in a stored energy as state variables, Fp = R p U p is physically meaningless because the crystallographic slip does not change the orientation of the crystal lattice even though Fp include mathematically a rotational part; stretch and rotations are related by the isoclinic flow and must be considered in an incremental setting
In the 21th century, computational crystal plasticity modelling has achieved a high degree of maturity
Summary
Analysis of the plastic deformations of metals is very important in many aspects of the design of metallic goods, for example, in the design of the alloys which will be used in the components, in their manufacturing process (e.g., shape forming), and in the behaviour of the material in service, both to sustain the ordinary actions and to behave in a controlled, predictable way (fracture, fatigue, crash-worthiness, etc.) [1,2]. The purpose of the review is to serve as an introductory compact presentation of current mostly used formulations for researchers (e.g., continuum mechanics ones) becoming involved in the subject or willing to incorporate texture effects in advanced simulations, for example, by computational homogenization. It is by no means a complete review, so many important works and formulation aspects, are omitted. Advanced long reviews taylored for researchers in materials science are available elsewhere [20,21,22]
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