Abstract
Similar to an IC (Internal combustion) engine which requires cooling to operate at optimum temperature for better efficiency; electric vehicles do require a similar system. There are various methods used in the current market for thermal management of batteries, of these our paper focuses on phase change materials (PCM). This cooling strategy can store an enormous amount of heat produced inside a battery because of its high latent heat capability. A 3D model of the battery using the multi-scale multi-dimension model (MSMD) for battery simulation and Solidification/melting models were used to showcase the melting of PCM due to the heat generated from a cell. ANSYS fluent was used to carry out the simulations. These computations are carried out at different C-rate to find the time taken for a battery to discharge and to find the impact of C-rate on PCM performance. Besides, temperature data for the cell was recorded before and after PCM was involved to compare the temperature difference between various PCM's.
Highlights
The battery framework is the essential energy for electric vehicle (EV’s) to power the motors, it is necessary to have a rugged and long-lasting design
ANSYS [23], we have considered three models for running the simulation, as temperature difference is involved energy equation is included, we are dealing with a phase change material so solidification/melting was incorporated, and multi-dimension model (MSMD) battery model to simulate battery operation
We have considered four-phase change materials, n-octadecane, N-eicosane, methyl-palmitate, and OM-35, these materials were wrapped in a container around the cell packed with phase change material
Summary
The battery framework is the essential energy for electric vehicle (EV’s) to power the motors, it is necessary to have a rugged and long-lasting design. While designing a battery system factors like performance, safety, and life cycle play a key role. In order to improve such crucial factors battery thermal management needs to be taken care as it helps the battery from undergoing an extensive heat load causing damage to its life and performance. Phase change materials have wide applications in thermal energy sector, as they can help reduce and transfer heat when necessary. During the charging and discharging operation of any battery, large amounts of heat are generated and a temperature rise can be noted. This rise in temperature if it exceeds the optimum range affects battery life, performance, and safety. When the temperature of a battery exceeds the melting temperature of a PCM, the heat generated will be absorbed by the PCM
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