Abstract
Abstract This article presents a model for penetration of chloride by diffusion in reinforced concrete structures based on the solution of the Fick's 2nd Law, using the finite element method (FEM) in two-dimensional domain. This model predicts the time, in a given situation, so that a certain limit of chlorides for depassivation of reinforcement is reached, characterizing the end of service life. Several approaches for the chloride surface concentration and for the diffusion coefficient are used, parameter which must be corrected due to the effects of temperature, solar radiation, exposure time, and relative humidity. Moreover, a parametric analysis is carried out in order to study the factors involved and their impact on the ingress of chlorides by diffusion, contributing to a better understanding of the phenomenon. In addition, the developed model is applied to the cities of Vitória (ES) and Florianópolis (SC) to analyze the service life for different concrete covers, making a comparison with the Brazilian standard.
Highlights
The current process of changing the paradigm of society in relation to the physical-ecological system gives strength to the theme of sustainable development and, the construction industry is strongly affected, making the durability of constructions one of the most discussed subjects
This study presents a model of penetration of chlorides by diffusion in structures of reinforced concrete
In order to help understand the physical models that involve the various factors in chloride penetration, a parametric analysis was carried out, considering the influence of climatic parameters, the influence of the time of exposure and the influence of different approaches of surface concentration of chlorides
Summary
The current process of changing the paradigm of society in relation to the physical-ecological system gives strength to the theme of sustainable development and, the construction industry is strongly affected, making the durability of constructions one of the most discussed subjects. Helene [1] provides an analysis of the economic importance of reinforcement corrosion in the world, with surveys in the United States and Spain on the incidence of pathological manifestations in concrete structures and their impacts. Skainy (1987) apud Helene [1] points out that in 1985 the volume of resources handled by civil construction in the United States was $ 300 billion, with repair costs estimated at $ 50 billion per year, about 16% of the total sector. Dal Molin [2], in a case study in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, points out that, even though the incidence of reinforced corrosion in the buildings studied is about 11% of the total pathological manifestations found, when considering only the serious manifestations, with implications for structural safety, this figure rises to 40%, with the highest incidence among them. Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures is an electrochemical process that requires the presence of an electrolyte, a potential
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