Computational intelligence spectrophotometric scenarios for screening and quantification of single-dose triple therapy banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency in some sports

Abstract

Efficient, accurate, and cost-effective spectrophotometric scenarios via innovative methods have been established, validated, and confirmed for the synchronous determination andanalyzingof the single-dose triple anti-hypertensive therapy of Atenolol (ATN), Amiloride hydrochloride (AMI) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT). This therapy is explicitly prohibited in various sports by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) due to unfair advantage for dishonest athletes during athletic competition, it has performance-enhancing effect as well as it can lessen the detection of some doping drugs. Novel intelligence spectrophotometric solutions based on coupling of data analysis and spectral manipulation including three methods, namely, ratio conversion (RC), derivative ratio transformation (DDT) and advanced derivative ratio transformation (ADDT). Linearity ranges were 25.0–255.0 µg/mL, 2.0–23.0 µg/mL and 2.0–24.0 µg/mL for ATN, AMI and HCT, respectively. All suggested approaches were validated and confirmed in compliance with ICH guidelines, and the results were satisfactory and within approved bounds. The findings obtained using the suggested procedures and those obtained using the officially and reported methods were statistically compared, and there was no discernible difference. Evaluation of the greenness of the indicated methods was performed and compared with the reported HPLC method via utilizing the Analytical greenness metric tool [AGREE] whereas it confirmed that the applied methods are environmentally beneficial. The accomplished results together with the easiness, accessibility, low-cost and affordability of the indicated methods supported their suitability for routine quality control investigation of authentic materials, pharmaceutical preparations in addition their efficacy in cited drugs’ screening and quantification in spiked human urine.