Abstract
Candida albicans is a yeast that is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and also identified as ubiquitous polymorphic species that is mainly linked with major fungal infections in humans, particularly in the immunocompromised patients including transplant recipients, chemotherapy patients, HIV-infected patients as well as in low-birth-weight infants. Systemic Candida infections have a high mortality rate of around 29 to 76%. For reducing its infection, limited drugs are existing such as caspofungin, fluconazole, terbinafine, and amphotericin B, etc. which contain unlikable side effects and also toxic. This review intends to utilize advanced bioinformatics technologies such as Molecular docking, Scaffold hopping, Virtual screening, Pharmacophore modeling, Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for the development of potentially new drug candidates with a drug-repurpose approach against Candida albicans within a limited time frame and also cost reductive.
Highlights
Invasive infections caused by fungal pathogens are life threatening opportunistic infections, having a high rate of mortality and morbidity in patients
It’s both commensal as well as opportunistic pathogen among humans and ranks as the fourth most common threat of nosocomial bloodstream infections in modern hospitals with roughly 40% death rates3, . 6-17 Pathogenicity of invasive infection caused by Candida albicans is regulated by several factors namely invasive (a) filamentation, (b) biofilm development, and (c) the ability to escape from the immune system[18]
As we studied earlier that N-myristoyl transferase (NMT) is responsible for the survival and growth of diverse fungal species, so many different inhibitors have been identified for reducing its fungal activity such as Benzofurans inhibitors[101,102,103], Benzothiazole inhibitors[104], Myristic acid analogs[105,106], Peptidomimetic inhibitors[88,107], p-toluene sulphonamide inhibitors[108], etc
Summary
Invasive infections caused by fungal pathogens are life threatening opportunistic infections, having a high rate of mortality and morbidity in patients. It infects billions of individuals and is responsible for 1.5-2 million deaths annually[1,2,3,4]. 6-17 Pathogenicity of invasive infection caused by Candida albicans is regulated by several factors namely invasive (a) filamentation, (b) biofilm development, and (c) the ability to escape from the immune system[18]. Discussing treatment options, Antifungals Azoles, echinocandins, and polyenes are existing for the curing of fungal infections which are limited and clinically available[18]. Searching out the new inhibitor is the most promising approach to tackle the resistant fungal infections[23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35]
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