Abstract
.... . It l.tm the charactenstac distance m no way depends on d~, being r = 180 I.tm, but that at larger d, values it approximates 3.5 d. Evans [3] submitted his statistical definition oT the characteristic distance, as the distance, ahead of the pre-crack tip, where cleavage initiation is most probable. In spheroidized steels the distance thus defined is a function of the statistical size distribution of carbides, of their density, and of the stress field ahead of the pre-crack tip. Strnadel and Mazanec [4] in recent work on theoretical calculations of characteristic distance in spheroidized steels, based on the Evans concept, took into account not only the statistical distribution of carbides, but also a random orientation of cleavage planes. The maximum elementary probability of cleavage failure initiation ahead of a pre-crack tip is given according to [4] by the following relationship:
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