Abstract
AbstractThe PHOENICS code has been used to model the flow field surrounding subsonic and underexpanded jets impinging on a ground plane in the presence of a cross‐flow, for cases with both a fixed ground plane and a ‘rolling road’. The standard k‐ε turbulence model is used, without correction factors. It is confirmed that this overpredicts the free jet entrainment rate; the wall jet spreading rate is slightly underpredicted but the initial thickness is too high. Agreement with experiment is, nevertheless, much better than for previous calculations, showing the importance of the extent of the grid used. The ground vortex formed in cross‐flow is shown to move with varying effective velocity ratio and with rolling road operation in the same manner as experimentally observed. Ground vortex self‐similarity is also accurately predicted with the numerical modelling.
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