Abstract
Full three-dimensional unsteady dynamic simulations of forced liquid jets flowing into and pinching off in ambient of another liquid have been performed using the level set method for tracking the interface between the immiscible materials. Two different viscosity ratios between the inner and outer fluids chosen are 0.17 and 1.7 while the density ratios are about unity. The jets have been forced at Strouhal number of 4.0. The Reynolds, Froud, and Bond numbers based on the conditions at the nozzle exit are 34-35, 0.2, and 6.1, for both cases. The results are compared with the experimental data with reasonable satisfaction. The comparisons are for flow images of one complete pinch-off cycle and axial and radial profiles of the instantaneous velocities around the region of jet disintegration. Although the level set method has shown its promising feature, due to the surface tension model, it requires very fine grid resolution (20 mesh cells for the diameter of a droplet, the Weber number based on the grid spacing is smaller than 1.0×10-2) even for capturing such laminar surface phenomena.
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