Abstract
This study aimed to assess the viability of dental cells following time-dependent carbamide peroxide teeth-whitening treatments using an in-vitro dentin perfusion assay model. 30 teeth were exposed to 5% or 16% CP gel (4 h daily) for 2-weeks. The enamel organic content was measured with thermogravimetry. The time-dependent viability of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) and gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs) following either indirect exposure to 3 commercially available concentrations of CP gel using an in-vitro dentin perfusion assay or direct exposure to 5% H2O2 were investigated by evaluating change in cell morphology and by hemocytometry. The 5% and 16% CP produced a significantly lower (p < 0.001) enamel protein content (by weight) when compared to the control. The organic content in enamel varied accordingly to the CP treatment: for the 16% and 5% CP treatment groups, a variation of 4.0% and 5.4%, respectively, was observed with no significant difference. The cell viability of HDPSCs decreased exponentially over time for all groups. Within the limitation of this in-vitro study, we conclude that even low concentrations of H2O2 and CP result in a deleterious change in enamel protein content and compromise the viability of HGFCs and HDPSCs. These effects should be observed in-vivo.
Highlights
This study aimed to assess the viability of dental cells following time-dependent carbamide peroxide teeth-whitening treatments using an in-vitro dentin perfusion assay model. 30 teeth were exposed to 5% or 16% Carbamide Peroxide (CP) gel (4 h daily) for 2-weeks
Both treatment groups exhibited significantly lower (p < 0.001) enamel protein content by weight following CP treatment when compared to the control group (~ 50% on average)
Our results suggest that both the 10% and 35% CP gel exposure to the dentin disc affect human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) in the same manner as if the cells were exposed directly to the 5% H2O2 as done for human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs)
Summary
This study aimed to assess the viability of dental cells following time-dependent carbamide peroxide teeth-whitening treatments using an in-vitro dentin perfusion assay model. 30 teeth were exposed to 5% or 16% CP gel (4 h daily) for 2-weeks. The use of teeth-whitening agents and techniques are becoming increasingly more popular, there are no studies to date in the scientific literature that have investigated the possible deleterious effect of H2O2-derived free radicals directly on the dental cells. Performing such experiments directly on patients would jeopardize the vitality of the tooth itself as one would require access to pulpal tissue. Impact the population of such a critical stem cell reservoir This in-vitro study aims to evaluate the impact of exposure to a different concentration of commonly used home peroxide-based teeth-whitening on dental cells (HDPSCs and HGFCs) directly or indirectly using a dentin perfusion disc model
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