Abstract
Ulnar neuropathy developed acutely in a fifty-four-year-old man with an arthritic and deformed elbow as the result of osteomyelitis variolosa, a complication of smallpox, which he contracted at the age of five years. Intraoperatively, a ganglion cyst arising from the joint and a pathologically thick cubital tunnel retinaculum were found to be compressing the nerve. Surgical excision of the ganglion, release of the cubital tunnel retinaculum, and anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve resulted in substantial clinical improvement at one year. The deformity and limited motion that can develop in the elbow over time following osteomyelitis variolosa may predispose the patient to ulnar neuropathy caused by a ganglion cyst arising in the compromised cubital tunnel.
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