Abstract
The influence of carbon black on physical mechanical properties, compressive fatigue life, and the temperature changes during compression fatigue process of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) vulcanizates were explored. A series of unfilled and filled SBR compounds were prepared, and the compressive fatigue behaviors of the vulcanizates were performed on a mechanical testing and simulation (MTS) machine. The top surfaces of the filled SBR were imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 105 cycles of compressive fatigue. The filled SBR shows greater compressive fatigue resistance than the unfilled SBR. The incorporation of carbon black into SBR improves the creep resistance. The best compressive fatigue resistance for the filled SBR was achieved by the addition of 30 phr carbon black. With the increase of carbon black content, the energy dissipation and the heat build-up increase simultaneously. Furthermore, SEM images of the vulcanizates suggest that the crack propagation mechanism of the unfilled and the filled SBR was different. For the unfilled SBR, due to periodical compressive stress, the polymer chains can be destroyed, and the cracks can be easily initiated and propagated, showing serious damage on the top surfaces of the specimen. However, for the filled SBR, the carbon black agglomeration around the cracks can greatly delay the generation of the cracks, decrease the fatigue damage, and ultimately improve the fatigue resistance.
Highlights
Few research studies focus on the compressive fatigue mechanism of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which is a kind of non-crystallizable rubber and contains excellent damping behavior over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies [1,2,3]
Among these filled samples, with the increase of carbon black content, the t90 generally decreased. It can be seen in all compounds that ML, MH, torque difference (MH -ML ) and curing rate index (CRI) increased with increasing the content of carbon black in the compounds
These results indicate that a positive effect on the curing rate was incorporated by the use of carbon black due to the alkaline feature of N330, shortened the optimum curing time
Summary
Few research studies focus on the compressive fatigue mechanism of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), which is a kind of non-crystallizable rubber and contains excellent damping behavior over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies [1,2,3]. As it is very different from natural rubber (NR), the fatigue mechanism of SBR is not dependent on the strain crystallization, so that it is very suitable for studying the fatigue mechanism [4,5,6,7]. For rubber materials, a wide range of mechanical properties is realizable by proper regulation of the compound formulation, such as the type of elastomers, fillers, curatives, anti-degradants, etc. [8,9,10]
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