Abstract
Compression fossils of three genera and six species of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) are described from 46 million year old Kishenehn oil shales in Montana, USA. Two new genera are described: Eoeustochus Huber, gen. n., with two included species, Eoeustochus kishenehn Huber (type species) and Eoeustochus borchersi Huber, sp. n., and Eoanaphes, gen. n., with Eoanaphes stethynioides Huber, sp. n. Three new species of Gonatocerus are also described, Gonatocerus greenwalti Huber, sp. n. , Gonatocerus kootenai Huber, sp. n., and Gonatocerus rasnitsyni Huber, sp. n. Previously described amber fossil genera are discussed and five genera in Baltic amber are tentatively recorded as fossils: Anagroidea, Camptoptera, Dorya, Eustochus, and Mimalaptus.
Highlights
The family Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) is represented by 103 genera and about 1400 nominal extant species in all terrestrial habitats and a few fresh water habitats (Huber 1986, Noyes 2010)
Fossil Mymaridae have been described from amber inclusions from various localities, including five extinct genera and species from Cretaceous amber (Yoshimoto 1975, Huber and Poinar 2011) and eight genera from Tertiary amber, mostly from the Samland Peninsula, Kaliningrad district, Russia, and Chiapas, Mexico
Fossil specimens were collected from the middle sequence of the Coal Creek member of the Kishenehn Formation, which has been estimated to be 46.2 +/- 0.4 myo (Lutetian) by 40Ar/39Ar analysis and 43.5 +/- 4.9 myo by fission-track analysis (Constenius 1996)
Summary
The family Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) is represented by 103 genera and about 1400 nominal extant species in all terrestrial habitats and a few fresh water habitats (Huber 1986, Noyes 2010). Fossil Mymaridae have been described from amber inclusions from various localities, including five extinct genera and species from Cretaceous amber (Yoshimoto 1975, Huber and Poinar 2011) and eight genera (seven still extant, one extinct) from Tertiary amber, mostly from the Samland Peninsula, Kaliningrad district, Russia, and Chiapas, Mexico. Because of their small size, no compression fossils of Mymaridae have been discovered until now. These and the Tertiary amber fossil genera are discussed and compared with extant genera
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