Abstract
The article presents laboratory tests of pressure compressibility characteristics of materials and backfilling. The tests were carried out for three different types of backfilling: rock fill (dry), hydraulic and paste in oedometers for three different volume configurations with the addition of waste from flue-gas treatment or in the form of fly ash. For the rock fill, compressibility was determined for the backfilling made only from dolomite, while in subsequent tests 50% and 25% by volume of the waste from the flue-gas treatment were added to the backfilling material, respectively. In the case of hydraulic backfilling, the mixture was sand mixed with water and fly ash in a fixed ratio: a mixture of sand and water in a 1:1 ratio, a mixture of sand with water and fly ash in a volume ratio of 50% sand with water and 50% fly ash and 75% sand with water and 25% fly ash. The last type of research was paste backfilling, for which compressibility was determined for a mixture of waste (fly ash), binder and water in a volume ratio of: 50% fly ash, 40%, 45% and 48% water and 10%, 5% and 2% binder.
Highlights
Backfilling in mining excavations is one of the beast methods of liquidation of the underground post-mining areas
For the rock fill created from waste rocks, it is possible to locate it in underground mining excavations by transporting with trucks or pipelines of compressed air
Laboratory tests shown that the addition of fly ash (25% by volume) does not cause significant changes in compressibility
Summary
Backfilling in mining excavations is one of the beast methods of liquidation of the underground post-mining areas. It is mainly used for facilitating and sometimes allowing underground exploitation of thick and very thick deposits. Furthemore it is successfully used in underground coal, ore and salt mines to solve many environmental problems [1, 2], including coal extraction under buildings and surface subsidence [3, 4]. The use of backfilling in general causes, in each case, a reduction in subsidence of the surface, and limitation of mining damage, and makes it possible to deposit waste in underground mining excavations. Determination of the permissible size of the compressibility index for the considered case and the appropriate selection of mixtures and types of backfilling
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