Abstract
The article pays special attention to several approaches to the definitions of the notion ‘linguistic situation’ revealing the key points which must be taken into consideration for the analysis of the linguistic situation in any country: the language of the majority and minority of the population in synchrony; bi- or multilingualism, or diglossia; state of linguistic assimilation, linguistic contacts; cultural and social value of the language (language prestige). From various points of view, statistical data on the distribution of indigenous languages on the one hand and Spanish on the other in Paraguay are presented. The ethnic power of the Paraguayan people and the demographic, ethnodemographic influence of the Spanish and Guaraní in the country are revealed. An attempt to explain the phenomenon of Guaraní survival is made, comparing it with other indigenous languages functioning in Paraguay. Special attention is attracted to geographical, politicaleconomic, and socio-cultural historical factors of this phenomenon.
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