Comprehensive techno-economic performance assessment of PV-building-EV integrated energy system concerning V2B impacts on both building energy consumers and EV owners

Abstract

Deploying photovoltaics (PVs) for buildings is an effective solution to decrease carbon emissions but it also imposes a substantial risk of energy mismatch. Battery storage can mitigate this issue to a certain extent but its capacity is limited due to safety concerns and expensive investment. Energy boundary expansion from buildings to an integrated building-transportation is another valuable attempt. However, few studies have quantified the impacts of electric vehicles (EVs) on the PV-building-EV integrated system currently. This study, therefore, conducted a comprehensive techno-economic performance assessment of this integrated system. An energy-sharing mechanism considering EV charging-discharging and PV-building energy system integration is involved in the assessment. According to this energy-sharing mechanism, feasibility studies of this integrated system without stationary battery installation were conducted. An office building integrated with the EV parking area in Chengdu is selected in this study. Results show that the system's techno-economic performance as well as EV battery degradation were comprehensively quantified from two perspectives. From the perspective of the building consumers, renewable energy penetration is enhanced at 45.1% and the reduction of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) is about 38.9%. From the perspective of EV owners, the LCOE of EV charging can decrease by 18.1%. Extra annual EV battery degradation is quantified at 5.23% and an extra compensation of 10.45 CNY for one-time participation of EV owners is calculated. Reasonable compensation for EV owners can effectively increase their motivation to participate in the energy-sharing mechanism. The comprehensive techno-economic performance assessment can provide frontier guidelines for future work.