Comprehensive Study on Musculoskeletal Injuries among Swimmers in Jordan: Causes, Effects, and Prevention Strategies

Abstract

No prior investigations have evaluated the musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries characteristic of swimming sport in Jordan. This study aimed to identify the most common sports injuries among male and female swimmers in Jordan. Through a survey distributed to the Jordanian Swimming Federation’s registered swimmers, 173 participants (72 female, 101 male) aged 18 to 25 completed the questionnaire. The results of the study showed that the most common injuries were arranged as follows: muscle spasms, muscle cramps, and sprains; 29.8%, 28.6%, and 17.7%, respectively. The most vulnerable areas were the Shoulder 35.3%, followed by the back 14.4 %, the knee 10.7%, and the neck 10.2%. The most common cause of injuries was Inadequate warm-up, where his percentage reached 34%, followed by Overtraining with a percentage of 27%. Reduced training intensity or frequency, impaired stroke technique, limited range of motion or flexibility, and required complete cessation of swimming had the main effectiveness of the swimming performance and training, where the percent was 34.9%, 20.8%,10.3%, and 4.3%, respectively.