Abstract
Renewable energy has the potential to play a significant role in providing access to clean and affordable energy services to developing countries' vast populations. Ethiopia, a developing country in Sub-Saharan Africa, has an abundance of renewable energy resources that can meet the ambitions of both urban and rural energy demand. However, these resources are currently underutilized, and approximately 83 percent of the country's rural societies rely entirely on conventional biomass energy sources for cooking and lighting. As a result, this study examines, critically evaluates, and synthesizes the findings of the most recent Ethiopian studies on renewable energy technology, development, and barriers to meeting rural energy demand. In addition, this comprehensive study will update knowledge and information on the development of renewable energy technologies (RETs) to improve rural energy access. Furthermore, it aids in the promotion of RETs and the attraction of local and foreign actors to the development of renewable energy technology for lighting, water pumping, and agricultural development. Finally, the factors influencing a country's adoption of RETs are examined, and pragmatic recommendations are made. Keywords: Ethiopia, Rural, Renewable energy technology, Small scale DOI: 10.7176/JETP/11-3-02 Publication date: June 30 th 2021
Highlights
Access to clean, low-cost energy services is critical for societal socioeconomic development and life quality improvement (Guta et al, 2017)
Approximately 1.3 billion people, primarily in developing countries, lack access to electricity (Sieminski, 2013), They rely on traditional biomass fuels for cooking and heating, as well as kerosene for lighting
The goal of this study is to examine the currently available alternative energy technology advancement opportunities that could be used to meet rural energy needs while boosting the country's socioeconomic development
Summary
Low-cost energy services is critical for societal socioeconomic development and life quality improvement (Guta et al, 2017). Result demonstrate: How different power generation technologies will be chosen to meet particular policy priorities It shows that across all different policy scenarios, country energy supply need to diversify from hydropower to a mix of hydro, solar, and wind. According to a World Bank report, most rural communities enjoy limited access to modern energy services due to issues of availability or affordability As an alternative, they rely on conventional biomass fuels for the majority of their energy needs (Caufield, 1996). This section focuses on alternative technologies that can be used in Ethiopia, such as solar (thermal, photovoltaic, and cooker), wind energy (electricity generation and mechanical energy), biogas, and small hydroelectric plants, which are suitable for meeting the basic energy needs of rural communities via standalone systems or off-grid electrification. If favorable policy environments are created, along with increasing electricity tariff revisions, the total prospective market would be much larger
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