Comprehensive study of blunt injury abdomen in single center

Abstract

Background: Blunt injury abdomen is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Blunt trauma differs from penetrating trauma as different organs are characteristically injured by compression from blunt straining. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) and computed tomography (CT) abdomen are very beneficial to detect those patients with minimal and clinically undetectable signs of abdominal injury. Objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of blunt injury abdomen, mode of injury, organs involved in patients.Methods: A retrospective study was done on blunt injury abdomen. 48 patients were enrolled in this study.Results: Out of 48, 35 (72.9%) male patients more commonly encountered blunt injury to the abdomen. 28 (58.3%) was the highest incidence for age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents 36 (75.0%). Grade III splenic injuries were encountered in majority 19 cases and 13 cases involved laceration of parenchyma >3 cm depth and 6 cases were subcapsular hematoma (>50%). Spleen was the most common injured organ accounting for 25 (52.0%) and second most common injury was Ileal perforation 6 (12.5%), liver injury 6 (12.5%) of the cases.Conclusions: Blunt injury abdomen mainly affected male and the younger population between the age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury is road traffic accidents. In this study the spleen was found to be the most common organ injured in blunt injury abdomen.