Abstract
Mass rape and sexual torture of women and girls by men in conflict areas is one of the most gruesome legacies of the 20th century. Nowhere has this been more evident than in the Democratic Republic of the Congo where thousands have been gang raped with such violence as to cause vaginal fistulae. War is also usually associated with great upheaval of populations and many women and girls are forced to have sex in return for safe passage food shelter and other resources. Peacekeepers and aid workers are among the exploiters. Refugee camps are often unsafe and rape occurs. Furthermore large-scale movements of people provide opportunities for new consensual sexual encounters with concomitant spread of sexually transmitted infections. War in Africa is generally assumed to be one of the factors fuelling the HIV epidemic. (excerpt)
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