Abstract
Phenotypic mass-plant selection was applied to the male-sterile plants in two populations, GPI and GPII, to improve resistance to scab and agronomic traits simultaneously. Selection cycles 0 and 3 were evaluated for the resistance and agronomic characters under the condition of single-floret inoculation with Fusarium graminearum. The mean resistance of each population was significantly enhanced by 3 cycles of selection with an increased frequency of resistant plants. The selection response averaged 7.87% and 3.24% per cycle for GPI and GPII, respectively. For most agronomic traits, such as numbers of spikes and grains, biomass and grain yield per plant, harvest index, and grain number and weight per spike, selection gains from 6% to 49% were obtained from C0 to C3. It is shown that scab resistance and agronomic traits in wheat can be comprehensively improved through recurrent selection.
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