Abstract
BACKGROUNDA promising way to overcome the susceptibility of Vitis vinifera L. to fungal diseases is the integration of genetic resistance by the interspecific crossing between V. vinifera varieties and resistant species. However, the products of such hybrids are still not accepted by customers, particularly due to their organoleptic characteristics, not least influenced by their polyphenolic profile.RESULTSA total of 58 resistant breeding lines, 41 from international programs and 17 new progeny individuals, were grown in one untreated vineyard to exclude any variances by climatic and pedologic conditions or vineyard practice. A total of 60 polyphenols (including acids, anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan‐3‐ols, and stilbenoids) were determined in grapevine berries by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry in two consecutive years. The overall profiles were rather consistent (variation P > 0.05) within the two harvests, with the exceptions of epicatechin and caftaric acid. Anthocyanin diglucosides were found in ten of the red breeding lines, malvidin‐3,5‐O‐diglucoside being predominant in nine of them. Total polyphenol content of the unknown progeny individuals and international breeding lines was comparable, with the exception of significantly increased amounts of gallic acid and some flavonoids.CONCLUSIONThe comprehensive study reported herein of the polyphenolic profile of hybrids from international breeding programs, but also of new breeds from private initiatives, all cultivated in the same vineyard, will support the selection of promising candidates for further breeding programs to overcome impairment due to undesired sensory characteristics of new highly resistant varieties.
Highlights
Grapevine is one of the most important horticultural crop species, reflected by ∼8 × 106 ha of vineyards worldwide, 43% thereof in Europe, but is one of the oldest
Phenolic profiles Following the strategy to lower agro-chemical input by promoting mildew-resistant varieties, almost 100 novel plants derived from crossing resistant genotypes and quality varieties were cultivated in an untreated vineyard in South Tyrol
Since the general figures such as limit of quantitation and analytical repeatability of merit of the applied assay were already published as part of the method validation, repeated sampling wileyonlinelibrary.com/jsfa www.soci.org was not performed in that investigation.[33]
Summary
Grapevine is one of the most important horticultural crop species, reflected by ∼8 × 106 ha of vineyards worldwide, 43% thereof in Europe, but is one of the oldest. For more than 150 years, when grape phylloxera (caused by the insect Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) and downy mildew (caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola) were introduced from North America into Europe, a sophisticated pest and pathogen control has been mandatory for successful viticulture. Whereas breeders managed to gain control over grape phylloxera, the susceptibility of V. vinifera against P. viticola, as well as Erysiphe necator A widely accepted and eco-friendly strategy for reduction of necessary treatments with fungicides is the integration of genetic resistance by interspecific breeding between V. vinifera and North American or Asian resistant species.[3,4,5] Modern breeding programs aim at the development of new lines with resistance against pests and pathogens, and with winter hardiness and resistance against early or late frosts, sufficient drought tolerance, and excellent quality traits. The products of such hybrids are still not accepted by customers, due to their organoleptic characteristics, not least influenced by their polyphenolic profile
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