Abstract
With the increasing development of renewable resources-based electricity generation and the construction of wind-photovoltaic-energy storage combination exemplary projects, the intermittent and fluctuating nature of renewable resources exert great challenges for the power grid to supply electricity reliably and stably. An energy storage system (ESS) is deemed to be the most valid solution to deal with these challenges. Considering the various types of ESSs, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive assessment framework for selecting appropriate energy storage techniques in establishing exemplary projects combining renewable resources-based electricity generation and an ESS. This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model combining a fuzzy-Delphi approach to establish the comprehensive assessment indicator system, the entropy weight determination method, and the best-worst method (BWM) to calculate weights of all sub-criteria, and a Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) comprehensive evaluation model to choose the optimal battery ESS. In accordance with the comprehensive evaluation results, the Li-ion battery is the optimal battery ESS to apply to wind-photovoltaic-energy storage combination exemplary projects. Based on the discussion on the comprehensive evaluation results, policy implications are suggested to improve the applicability of battery ESSs and provide some references for decision makers in related fields.
Highlights
IntroductionWith the rapid process of urbanization and speeding-up development of the global economy, the growth of electricity consumption is accelerating and is expected to increase by a third by 2040 [1]
With the rapid process of urbanization and speeding-up development of the global economy, the growth of electricity consumption is accelerating and is expected to increase by a third by 2040 [1].Searching for the solution to satisfy the increasing need for electricity has become an urgent mission in the development of the energy economy all over the world
According to the British Petroleum (BP) World Energy Statistics Yearbook in 2017, by the end of 2016, renewable energy accounted for approximately a quarter of the total electricity generation, and the growth rate of renewable energy generation capacity in 2016 reached 14.1%, half of which originated from wind power generation [5]
Summary
With the rapid process of urbanization and speeding-up development of the global economy, the growth of electricity consumption is accelerating and is expected to increase by a third by 2040 [1]. It is necessary to develop a comprehensive assessment system for selecting an appropriate battery energy storage technique in establishing an exemplary project combining renewable resources-based electricity generation and an ESS. The critical devotion of this investigation is that a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system is established based on multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model to select an appropriate battery type ESS for constructing demonstration projects combining renewable resources-based electricity generation and an ESS. ESS selection contains a relatively complete assessment index system on the basis of a fuzzy-Delphi approach from the perspectives of technological performance, economic costs and benefits, as well as social effects, a set of accurate weights determination method comprehensively considering the opinions of experts employing the best-worst method (BWM) and the actual data of objective sub-criteria utilizing an entropy method, and a mature evaluation model based on Vlsekriterijumska.
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