Abstract
Non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS) is a major public health problem affecting both humans and animals in many countries and being an important public health problem worldwide. It is a leading bacterial cause of diarrheal disease in humans, leading to gastroenteritis and deaths. It is a major agent of food-borne outbreaks as well as individual cases, especially in developing countries. Many virulence genes of Salmonella enterica are organized on SPIs (Salmonella pathogenicity islands). Twenty three SPIs are identified in genus Salmonella, which are required for adhesion, invasion, intra-cellular survival, and replication. Enhanced surveillance, improved food safety and responsible antibiotic use are crucial for preventing the spread of NTS. This review offers detailed information on NTS in an inclusive manner rather than fragmented approach. It also focuses on human NTS infections, unlike most research, which is conducted on animals.
Published Version
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