Abstract

Solar photovoltaic (SPV) array does not give constant power output due to the adverse effects of various stresses over its performance. Dust is a critical affecting factor, especially in tropical, arid, and semiarid regions, as it reduces power output by lowering the transmittance of the glass cover. Usually, total dust accumulation on an SPV module goes through three processes viz., deposition, rebound, and re-suspension. In this article, a detailed analysis of all these phenomena has been carried out to build up a comprehensive model for dry deposition of dust to assess power output reduction for this. Variations of all these processes for particles with different diameters and modules at various tilt angles have also been investigated. The model shows that transmittance becomes minimum at a tilt angle of about 15°, which is validated by laboratory experimentation. The deviation between measured and the model-based calculated dust deposition density is found to be 4.84%. The energy output of 10 kWP PV power plant has been calculated with this model with weather data collected from a weather monitoring station (at latitude 22.5713°N, longitude 88.3109°E) and dust data from a website of Government of India. Daily generated energy in this plant for 15 days is recorded by a digital meter and compared with the calculated ones. The deviation between the two is seen to be within ±6%.

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