Abstract
Nuclear and renewables energies are the two variants for low-carbon energy and the evolving grid suggests possible synergies between them. Nuclear energy introduces supple operations based on power demand, while renewables such as PV and wind hybrid systems depend on the presence and strength of sunlight or wind. For grid stability, there is need to improve their performance in order to overcome the impact of this disadvantage. The paper is a step in this direction as it addresses a detailed comprehensive dynamic modeling and an efficient control of grid-connected energy sources such as PV or wind system to increase system reliability and to ensure the power quality and safe operation of critical demands. The behavior of the suggested hybrid system is tested at different climate circumstances such as variation of sun radiation and wind speed. The PV is equipped with a boost converter and a three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter. The wind energy comprises a doubly fed generator (DFIG) based on a variable-speed wind turbine. The two controllers’ rotor-side and grid-side converters of DFIG have the ability to generate and observe reactive power, to keep constant speed of the rotor and control the DC-link voltage. The proposed scheme was investigated using MATLAB software. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) was used for two systems, PV and wind, in varying weather conditions. The simulation results prove that the voltage at the point of common coupling was constant. Furthermore, the injected current of the grid side was in sinusoidal form and was synchronized with grid side voltage. In addition, the injected power-to-utility grid was around power delivered by the hybrid PV and wind system.
Highlights
Energy plays a major role in daily life and energy demand is increasing owing to an increase in population and industrialization [1,2,3]
The basic idea of incremental conductance for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) on a PV curve is depicted in Figure 5; the slope indicates the derivative of power with regards to voltage, which is null at the MPP, increasing on the left-hand side and decreasing on the right
The basic idea of incremental conductance for MPPT on a PV curve is depicted in Figure 5; the slope indicates the derivative of power with regards to voltage, which is null at thethe
Summary
Energy plays a major role in daily life and energy demand is increasing owing to an increase in population and industrialization [1,2,3]. Nuclear–renewable hybrid systems are integrated facilities that include nuclear reactors and renewable generators They can simultaneously address greenhouse gas emission reductions and grid flexibility if they are well-integrated. Among the resources of renewable energy, wind and solar generation systems have recently become predominant and can be considered the most promising technology to produce electricity [6]. Hybrid systems are interconnected using PV, wind energy, fuel cells, and micro turbine generators to produce power to load and connect to utility grids. The amalgamation of these resources of renewable energy to form a PV and wind hybrid composed of two or more renewable sources is an excellent choice for distributing energy production that can be applied to overcoming intermittency and providing highly reliable and continuous output power to utility grids and rural areas [8]. Conclusions, followed by references, are presented in the final section
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