Abstract
<p>Economic activities and the associated emissions have significantly declined during the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which has created a natural experiment to assess the impact of the emitted precursor control policy on ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution. In this study, we utilized comprehensive satellite, ground-level observations, and source-oriented chemical transport modeling to investigate the O<sub>3</sub> variations during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Here, we found that the significant elevated O<sub>3</sub> in the North China Plain (40%) and Yangtze River Delta (35%) were mainly attributed to the enhanced atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) in these regions, associated with the meteorology and emission reduction during lockdown. Besides, O<sub>3</sub> formation regimes shifted from VOC-limited regimes to NO<sub>x</sub>-limited and transition regimes with the decline of NO<sub>x</sub> during lockdown. We suggest that future O<sub>3</sub> control policies should comprehensively consider the effects of AOC on the O<sub>3</sub> elevation and coordinated regulations of the O<sub>3</sub> precursor emissions.</p>
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