Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with a high mortality rate in older adults; therefore, it is important for medical institutions to take measures to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. This study aimed to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) and the effectiveness of infection control measures.MethodsThis study had a cross-sectional component and a prospective cohort component. The cross-sectional component comprised an anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody survey among HCWs at a medical center in Saitama City, Japan. In the prospective cohort component, HCWs at the same medical center were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies monthly over a 3-month period (May to July 2020) to assess the effectiveness of infection prevention measures, including personal protective equipment use. All participants in the cohort study also participated in the antibody survey. The primary outcome was anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody (measured using Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2) positivity based on whether participants were engaged in COVID-19-related medical care. Other risk factors considered included occupational category, age, and sex.ResultsIn total, 607 HCWs participated in the antibody survey and 116 doctors and nurses participated in the cohort study. Only one of the 607 participants in the survey tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. All participants in the cohort study were anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody negative at baseline and remained antibody negative. Engaging in the care of COVID-19 patients did not increase the risk of antibody positivity. During the study period, a total of 30 COVID-19 in-patients were treated in the hospital.ConclusionsThe infection control measures in the hospital protected HCWs from nosocomially acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection; thus, HCWs should engage in COVID-19-related medical care with confidence provided that they adhere to infectious disease precautions.
Highlights
As of June 5, 2021, there have been over 172 million cases of COVID-19 and over 3.71 million deaths.Because the COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality are higher in persons aged 70 years than in younger persons [1, 2], a high number of deaths of older adults have occurred in clusters in healthcare facilities [3]
The infection control measures in the hospital protected healthcare workers (HCWs) from nosocomially acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection; HCWs should engage in COVID-19-related medical care with confidence provided that they adhere to infectious disease precautions
At the time of the cross-sectional study in July 2020, the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the 607 HCWs tested was 0.16%, and there was no difference based on engagement in COVID-19-related medical care
Summary
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is associated with a high mortality rate in older adults; it is important for medical institutions to take measures to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. This study aimed to assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs) and the effectiveness of infection control measures
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