Abstract
A comprehensive exergetic evaluation of six single-stage and multi-stage evaporative cooling modes along with a standalone direct expansion cooling system (DX) is conducted based on an eight-story building simulation carried out using EnergyPlus. The exergy analysis is carried out for 21 different locations across India covering five different climatic zones, namely arid, semi-arid, humid subtropical, tropical wet and dry, and tropical wet zones, based on building simulation for one day. As the three-stage evaporative cooler is known for the highest cooling range, the exergy analysis is further carried out based on a one-year simulation with a three-stage system integrated into the eight-story building in five different locations, namely Jodhpur, Hyderabad, Nagpur, Chennai and Panaji, representative of five different climatic zones in India. A fixed temperature of 23 °C, pressure after process completion and saturated humidity ratio at the outlet of the cooling system are considered as dead state properties throughout the analysis. The results revealed that indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) exhibits the highest exergy efficiency approaching 80% among seven cooling modes in all 21 locations in India. However, due to lower cooling capacity, the IEC is suitable for a limited set of climatic conditions. The three-stage cooling system exhibits superior exergy efficiency reaching a magnitude beyond 30% among DX-based multi-stage coolers in arid, semi-arid, and humid subtropical zones. It is also found that the three-stage cooling results in superior exergy efficiency in Jodhpur, Hyderabad, and Nagpur, reaching a maximum of 37.5% during one year.
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