Comprehensive Evaluation of the Efficiency of Yeast Cell Wall Extract to Adsorb Ochratoxin A and Mitigate Accumulation of the Toxin in Broiler Chickens.

Suvi Vartiainen,Juha Apajalahti,Colm A Moran,Alexandros Yiannikouris

doi:10.3390/toxins12010037

Suvi Vartiainen, Juha Apajalahti + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12010037

Copy DOI

Journal: Toxins	Publication Date: Jan 7, 2020
Citations: 18	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Alimetrics (Finland), Alltech (United States)

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common mycotoxin contaminant in animal feed. When absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, OTA has a propensity for pathological effects on animal health and deposition in animal tissues. In this study, the potential of yeast cell wall extracts (YCWE) to adsorb OTA was evaluated using an in vitro method in which consecutive animal digestion events were simulated. Low pH markedly increased OTA binding to YCWE, which was reversed with a pH increased to 6.5. Overall, in vitro analysis revealed that 30% of OTA was adsorbed to YCWE. Additional computational molecular modelling revealed that change in pH alters the OTA charge and modulates the interaction with the YCWE β-d-glucans. The effectiveness of YCWE was tested in a 14-day broiler chicken trial. Birds were subjected to five dietary treatments; with and without OTA, and OTA combined with YCWE at three dosages. At the end of the trial, liver OTA deposition was evaluated. Data showed a decrease of up to 30% in OTA deposits in the liver of broilers fed both OTA and YCWE. In the case of OTA, a tight correlation between the mitigation efficacy of YCWE between in vitro and in vivo model could be observed.

Highlights

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin produced by toxigenic species of Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi, is a common contaminant in cereals, fruits, and nuts intended for human and animal consumption.For both these fungal species, moisture and temperature are key factors for growth and toxin production
When radiolabelled ochratoxin A (OTA) was incubated with Yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) at pH 6.5, there was a significant decrease
This work provides a methodological and practical insight to the demonstration of the binding properties of YCWE, showing an ability to chemically interact with OTA, dependent on the digestive physiological conditions and pH

Summary

Introduction

Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin produced by toxigenic species of Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi, is a common contaminant in cereals, fruits, and nuts intended for human and animal consumption. For both these fungal species, moisture and temperature are key factors for growth and toxin production. The presence of OTA at a chronic concentration, whilst not necessarily posing a health issue, could be disadvantageous to bird performance and as such contribute to a negative economic output in a broiler operation. Toxin adsorbents are frequently supplemented to animal diets to prevent the deleterious effect of mycotoxins, among them specific yeast cell wall extracts have shown promising results [4,5,6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion