Abstract
Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are commonly utilized for controlling rodent populations, however non-target companion and wildlife animals are also exposed. A method was developed for quantitation of seven ARs (chlorophacinone, coumachlor, bromadiolone, brodifacoum, difethialone, diphacinone, and warfarin) and dicoumarol (a naturally occurring anticoagulant) in animal serum. Analytes were extracted with 10% (v/v) acetone in methanol and analyzed by reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using electrospray ionization (negative mode) combined with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). In-house method validation in the originating laboratory using non-blinded samples revealed method limits of quantitation at 2.5 ng/mL for all analytes. Inter-assay accuracy ranged 99-104% and relative standard deviation ranged 3.5-20.5%. Method performance was then verified in the originating laboratory during an exercise organized by an independent party using blinded samples. The method was successfully transferred to two naïve laboratories and further evaluated for reproducibility among three laboratories by means of Horwitz ratio (HorRat(R)) values. Such extensive validation provides a high degree of confidence that the method is rugged, robust, and will perform as expected if used by others in the future.
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