Abstract
In this study, strategies for recovery of ammonia-stressed AD reactors were attempted, by addition of preserved bioaugmentation consortium in gel (BioG), fresh consortium in liquid medium (BioL), woodchip biochar (BW), and straw biochar (BS). In comparison to control group with ammonia, effective treatments, i.e., BioG, BioL, BW and BS raised the maximum methane production rate by 77%, 23%, 35%, and 24%, respectively. BW possibly acted as interspecies electrical conduits for Direct Electron Transfer based on conductivity and SEM analysis. BioG facilitated slow release of bioaugmentation inocula from gel into the AD system, which protected them from a direct environmental shock. According to microbial analysis, both BioG, BioL and BW resulted in increased relative abundance of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus; and BS induced selective raise of Methanosarcina thermophila. The increase of methanogens via these strategies led to the faster recovery of the AD process.
Highlights
Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves intricate microbial networks dedicated to the degradation of organic matter into methane and rep resents a promising energy-recovery based organic waste treatment technology (Campanaro et al, 2020; Cao and Pawłowski, 2012)
This study aims to assess the effect of different AD process recovery strategies in anaerobic digesters suffering from ammonia toxicity
The results indicated that different strategies did not change microbial composition on phylum level excepting for Euryarchaeota (a 3-fold in crease in the bioaugmentation consortium in gel (BioG), BS, and BW treatments), in compared to Control group with ammonia (CWA)
Summary
Anaerobic digestion (AD) involves intricate microbial networks dedicated to the degradation of organic matter into methane and rep resents a promising energy-recovery based organic waste treatment technology (Campanaro et al, 2020; Cao and Pawłowski, 2012). N-rich organic waste in full-scale AD treatments may decrease the process efficiency (Tian et al, 2018). Free ammonia can inhibit microbial activity by: 1) changing intracellular pH, 2) inactivating of enzymes related to methanogenesis, 3) severe osmotic stress (Capson-Tojo et al, 2020; Frank et al, 2016). Effective strategies to provide methanogens more resistant to high ammonia concentrations, or able to stimulate their growth are urgent to recover energy from N-rich organic wastes
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