Comprehensive cadastral assessment of the botanical diversity in the regions of Kazakhstan as a scientific basis for the effective use of plant resource potential

Abstract

The Almaty region is one of the most economically developed regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, where cadastral assessment has not been carried out so far. A comprehensive cadastral assessment was undertaken for the first time within the framework of the scientific and technical program (2021-2023) which takes into account the most important components of biological diversity (flora, vegetation, plant resources), sustainable use, conservation and reproduction of phytogenetic resources of the Almaty region. As a result of research in 2021 on the territory of 7 administrative districts of the region, an annotated list of flora of higher vascular plants (2414 species), algae (377 species and varieties), mycobio-ta (1266 species of micromycetes and 356 species of macromycetes) was compiled. A phytocenotic assessment was carried out on the basis of 144 geobotanical descriptions, a list of plant communities was compiled, grouped into 6 types of vegetation. The stocks of fresh raw materials for 8 species of economically valuable plants have been identified. Operational stock form 4 species: Juniperus pseudosabina, Rumex tianschanicus, Berberis sphaerocarpa, Alhagi pseudalhagi. Locations and maps of 14 rare species and 19 rare communities have been determined. Locations of 29 alien plants, including 4 invasive species, have been identified. 25 forms of the Sievers apple tree and 26 forms of the common apricot of high value for breeding were selected.