Abstract
Parking lots not only provide electric vehicle (EV) owners with the opportunity to charge their battery but also to contribute power to the grid via vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology. This significantly improves the reliability of distribution systems. In addition, parking lots equipped with V2G capability are able to participate in the electricity market as a producer. Accordingly, in this chapter, nine optimal strategies for scheduling the process of EVs charging and discharging in a parking lot equipped with V2G capability are proposed, with the aim of maximizing parking profits. The proposed strategies include constraints on the amount of power exchange between the parking lot and the distribution system, as well as the random and stochastic nature of EV behavior. The results demonstrate that using the proposed optimal charging and discharging strategies scheduling increases the parking profit by 31%.
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