COMPREHENSIVE APPLICATION OF LEXICO-SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN UKRAINIAN TRANSLATIONS OF THE NOVEL “JANE EYRE” BY CHARLOTTE BRONTE

Abstract

Objective. The objective of the article is to analyze the application of lexical and semantic transformations in the process of translations of Charlotte Bronte’s novel «Jane Eyre» into Ukrainian, carried out by U. Hryhorash, P. Sokolovskyi and M. Kiianovska, and carry out their comparative analysis. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained applying a set of general scientific and special methods of research, namely: analysis and generalization of scientific and educational-methodical literature on the problems of translation transformations; theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis; holistic and integral approaches to the study of linguistic phenomena; comparative, descriptive and analytical methods. Results. On the basis of comparative analysis the authors investigate the problem of lexico-semantic transformations application in translation process of the novel “Jane Eyre” by Charlotte Bronte and identify their integrity and propriety. Transformation is a basis of the majority of the translation receptions involving changing formal (lexical or grammatical transformations) or semantic (semantic transformations) components of a source text while preserving the information intended for transference. In translation process of the novel “Jane Eyre” U. Hryhorash, P. Sokolovskyi and M. Kiianovska applied all types of lexico-semantic transformation: synonymous substitution, calque, descriptive translation, contextual substitution, transcoding, antonymous translation, compression, decompression, permutation, transposition, concretization of meaning, and generalization of meaning. Synonymous substitution and transposition were more often applied, the rare are permutation and generalization of meaning. Summing up the carried-out analysis, it’s possible to draw a conclusion that in most cases transformations are justified. Lexico-semantic transformations play an important role in the process of translation, providing the text with dynamics, enhancing expressivity, serving to enhance the image- expressive functions of a language. It is important in the process of translation to convey not only the content but also the mood with which the work was created. Therefore, most of the transformations were of complex nature: to achieve adequacy — the main goal of translation — the translators applied several transformations simultaneously.