Comprehensive analysis of the effect of water injection on performance and emission parameters of the hydrogen fuelled recuperative and non-recuperative gas turbine system

Abstract

The increasing need for fossil energy along with waste gases led to both the increase in the environment pollution and search for alternative energy sources. The most important criterion here is to maintain sustainability and find a zero-emission source. In this regard, since hydrogen is obtained from the water electrolysis or the digestion of hydrocarbons, it is one of the alternative clean energy sources. Despite intense usage of the hydrogen in the refineries and industries, it is also predicted to be common use of hydrogen in power systems as fuel soon.The present study analysed the change in performance of gas turbines depending on water injection into the air before the compressor. In the study, two different gas turbine systems (non-recuperative and recuperative) is designed. For the use of hydrogen as a fuel for the designed gas turbine systems, the injected water amount was increased from 0 kg-water/s to 46 kg-water/s, while the GT-Turbine inlet pressure increased from 4 bar to 20 bar. For these circumstances, the performance of the gas turbine systems investigated depending on injected water-air mass flow ratio and GT-Turbine inlet pressure. After comprehensive analyses, the maximum net power production, thermal and exergy efficiencies of the non-recuperative gas turbine were calculated as 58,459 kW, 22.33% and 23.07% at 20 bar and 0.031 injected water/air mass flow ratio. The maximum net power production, thermal and exergy efficiencies of the recuperative gas turbine system were calculated as 131,307 kW, 50.16% and 52.70% at 4 bar and 0.057 injected water/air mass flow ratio.