Abstract
<p>Electric vehicles (EV) have brought promising technologies for future mobility solutions. As one of the key components of EVs, battery systems have fundamental functions which disconnect the battery during parking and in case of failure. To provide a safe system, specialized high voltage (HV) electromechanical switches are used to perform these major functions such as switch on, switch off or pre-charging. Due to these components can be easily damaged, expensive, heavy and bulky, a solution based on pure semiconductors may be desired to accomplish these operations. Many studies were exhibited on EV battery systems regarding developing solid-state systems for HV switchgear. Developing technology on semiconductor devices allows to make a safety concept based on only solidstate components. This study presents a comprehensive analysis off pre-charge sequences between conventional and semiconductor switchgear to be used in electric vehicle battery systems. Spice simulations are presented to investigate advantages and drawbacks of these systems.</p>
Highlights
Climate change concern has become a major driver for CO2 reduction regulations, and this brings the necessity of zero-emission transportation which ensures a decrease in local air pollution and noise emissions
At low to medium power levels which require few hundred volts of blocking capability, MOSFETs are ideal semiconductors to use in this application because they are capable of fast switching time against majority carrier devices, lower switching loss due to fast rise and fall times, uncomplicated gate drive and low RDS(on) to increase the efficiency by decreasing the voltage drop during steady state operation
Since the energy stored in the capacitor depends on voltage applied and the capacity of capacitor, in all 3 simulations energy losses are similar. In addition to these results, it should be taken into consideration that semiconductor solutions will be much lighter and take up less space than mechanical relay solutions
Summary
Climate change concern has become a major driver for CO2 reduction regulations, and this brings the necessity of zero-emission transportation which ensures a decrease in local air pollution and noise emissions. The increasing need for electric vehicles brought high power and energy requirements. Electric parts big in geometric size that are not simple to package in a battery scheme are needed to manage heat losses when carrying such currents This will lead to elevated cost and weight. The functional requirement of the high voltage pre-charge circuit is to minimize the peak current out from the power source by slowing down the dV/dT of the input voltage. In this paper, it is compared the characteristics of the conventional pre-charging with pre-charging with semiconductor switches by SPICE simulation results. TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ISSN 2450-5730 Vol 4, No 1 (2020) © Murat Kubilay Ozguc, Eymen Ipek, Kadir Aras, Koray Erhan
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