Abstract
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) is a primary invasive brain tumor that grows slowly but is incurable and eventually develops into high malignant glioma. Novel biomarkers for the tumorigenesis and lifetime of LGG are critically demanded to be investigated. In this study, the expression levels of procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases (PLODs) were analyzed by ONCOMINE, HPA and GEPIA. The GEPIA online platform was applied to evaluate the interrelation between PLODs and survival index in LGG. Furthermore, functions of PLODs and co-expression genes were inspected by the DAVID. Moreover, we used TIMER, cBioportal, GeneMINIA and NetworkAnalyst analysis to reveal the mechanism of PLODs in LGG. We found that expression levels of each PLOD family members were up-regulated in patients with LGG. Higher expression of PLODs was closely related to shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The findings showed that LGG cases with or without alterations were significantly correlated with the OS and DFS. The mechanism of PLODs in LGG may be involved in response to hypoxia, oxidoreductase activity, Lysine degradation and immune cell infiltration. In general, this research has investigated the values of PLODs in LGG, which could serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and potential therapeutic targets of LGG patients.
Highlights
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are common tumors in the central nervous system, which can progress into high-grade glioma, leading to undesirable prognosis [1, 2]
The findings showed that LGG cases with or without alterations were significantly correlated with the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)
PLOD1 overexpression was illustrated in 2 datasets [20], followed by PLOD2 in 10 datasets [20,21,22,23,24,25,26], and PLOD3 in 2 datasets
Summary
LGGs are common tumors in the central nervous system, which can progress into high-grade glioma, leading to undesirable prognosis [1, 2]. Advances in genome sequencing have elucidated the genetic and novel biomarkers of high-grade glioma, which provided newly categorization and some promising treatments [3, 4]. The molecular mechanisms and targeted gene markers for LGGs are poorly understood, so more promising and therapeutic biomarkers are urgently needed. PLOD family is composed of three members, PLOD 1/2/3, which is a group of enzymes engaged in stabilizing collagen through cross-linking and hydroxylation of lysine [5, 6]. PLOD family members are the lysyl hydroxylase responsible for the lysyl hydroxylation of collagen [7, 8]. Molecular biology mechanisms of PLOD family involving a wide range of biological
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