Comprehensive analysis of overall H2 supply for different H2 carriers from overseas production to inland distribution with respect to economic, environmental, and technological aspects

Abstract

The importance of introducing overseas hydrogen is globally emerging due to the imbalance in demand and supply of hydrogen in each country. In line with the trend, economic and environmental impact analyses have been actively conducted. However, economic, environmental, and technological aspects should be evaluated comprehensively. Thus, a comprehensive analytic hierarchy process with respect to the three criteria for the introduction of overseas hydrogen was conducted in this study. Here we show that the most feasible methods in each sector are commonly using a liquid organic hydrogen carrier, however, a liquid hydrogen and ammonia can be the most feasible depending on range of amount, distance and scale of economic criteria. Further case study for South Korea, which is expected to be the largest hydrogen importing country along with Japan and Europe, was conducted with deterministic and stochastic analyses, indicating feasible cases and future risks from variable ranges of priorities.