Abstract
The 3D concentrating photovoltaic is innovated integrated into the building as the window, which can improve the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) cell and maintain the daylighting performance for the building. The lab test results showed that 3D concentrator photovoltaic daylighting (3D CPVD) modules could increase the maximum power by 2.89 times compared with bare cells, and its outdoor performance is comprehensively analyzed through the simulation and experimental research. The application prospect in globalization is also explored. Its electrical performance in outdoor environment under different weather and different open angles was tested and analyzed. 3D CPVD window with adjustable angle achieves the balance between daylighting and power generation. And it has the best electrical performance at 60° in low and middle latitudes. In addition, 3D CPVD windows with the transmittance of 9.47% can provide the brighter and more uniform interior daylighting environment. The simulation results show that the indoor annual useful daylight illuminance (UDI) is over 85%. Finally, the application prospects of the 3D CPVD window was analyzed by the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Its energy payback time is less than 12 years in typical cities around the world, which shows its energy-saving and application potential.
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