Comprehensive analysis of antibacterial and anti-hepatoma activity of metabolites from jujube fruit

Abstract

Jujube is one of the most produced dried fruits in China, and it is also a traditional Chinese medicine that enhances immunity and has anti-cancer activity. Jujube fruit is rich in phenolic compounds, but few reports are available on its biological activities. To evaluate the biological activities of the phenolic compounds in dried jujube fruit, the composition and content of metabolites in dried jujube fruit were determined by metabolomics, and the antibacterial and anticancer activities of the phenolic compounds were analyzed in dried jujube fruit. The results showed that 463 compounds were identified in dried ‘Junzao’ fruit, including 102 phenolic compounds. The in vitro activity test showed that the jujube phenolic metabolites had extensive antibacterial effects and caused disruption and nuclear sclerosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Canonical correlation analysis showed that total phenolic content, quercetin-3-rutinose, and procyanidin B1 were the main active antibacterial and anticancer components. The study provides data supporting the application of dried jujube fruit in the development of functional foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.