Compositions Based on PAN Solutions Containing Polydimethylsiloxane Additives: Morphology, Rheology, and Fiber Spinning.

Valery G Kulichikhin,Lydia A Varfolomeeva,Ivan Y Skvortsov,Lydia A Varfolomeeva

doi:10.3390/polym12040815

Valery G Kulichikhin, Lydia A Varfolomeeva + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12040815

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Abstract

The effect of additives of polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) with various molecular weights on the morphology and rheological behavior of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide has been analyzed. It was shown that only partial compatibility of the PDMS with the lowest molecular weight member of the homologous series studied—hexamethyldisiloxane—with PAN solution takes place. All other PDMS samples form emulsions with PAN solutions. The coalescence rate of PDMS drops depends on the viscosity ratio of the disperse phase and the continuous medium, which determines both the duration of dispersion preparation and the conditions for processing emulsions into fibers and films. An anomalous change in viscosity for a series of emulsions with different concentrations of additives, associated with the slippage, was detected. The relaxation properties of emulsions “feel” macro-phase separation. Modeling of the wet spinning process has shown that the morphology of the deposited solution drop reflects the movement of the diffusion front, leading to the gathering droplets in the center of the deposited formulation drop or to their localization in a certain arrangement. It was shown that the emulsion jets upon stretching undergo phase separation.

Highlights

IntroductionIntroducing organosilicon compounds into polymer melts and solutions is a rather common direction in modern polymer science and technology, as described in reviews (see, for example, [1])
Introducing organosilicon compounds into polymer melts and solutions is a rather common direction in modern polymer science and technology, as described in reviews.As a rule, this approach is stipulated by wishing to combine, in one product, carbon chain polymers and silicate fragments that in some cases are important to reach the desired functional properties of the hybrid materials in practice [2]
Emulsions of the First Type HMDSO is soluble in solutions of PAN in DMSO to a concentration of 1%

Summary

Introduction

Introducing organosilicon compounds into polymer melts and solutions is a rather common direction in modern polymer science and technology, as described in reviews (see, for example, [1]) As a rule, this approach is stipulated by wishing to combine, in one product, carbon chain polymers and silicate fragments that in some cases are important to reach the desired functional properties of the hybrid materials in practice [2]. The combination of carbon and silica carbide or oxycarbide structures a priori should introduce into the properties of the final fibers the needed level of hydrophobicity and control of the thermo-deformation characteristics For such dopes, it is difficult to achieve the total compatibility of components, which is why it should be expected that the definite level of dispersity in solutions, as in final fibers, may present. Their important peculiarity is the presence in their compositions of one or more polymer phases, which means to bear in mind the necessity of the detailed analysis of the rheological properties and the relaxation properties typical for macromolecular chains

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